Daiquiri

The Daiquiri is the first of the "six basic drinks" listed in The Fine Art of Mixing Drinks – a classic book about cocktails, written by the American tax attorney and cocktail mixer David A. Embury and first published in 1948. The other five are the Jack Rose, the Manhattan, the Martini, the Old Fashioned, and the Sidecar.

What's a Jack Rose, I hear you ask. Well: it's two parts applejack, one part lemon or lime juice, and half a part grenadine. Applejack is basically a strong cider or apple brandy – popular in the American colonial era, according to Wikipedia, but less so since Embury's time. I expect you could use Calvados (French apple brandy) instead.

Also according to Wikipedia, the Jack Rose cocktail is mentioned in Ernest Hemingway's 1926 novel The Sun Also Rises; and (still according to Wikipedia) it was also a favourite drink of John Steinbeck.

Wikipedia also describes the Ti' punch and the Caipirinha as variations on the Daiquiri. The former is especially popular (apparently) in the French–speaking islands of the Caribbean – including Martinique and Guadeloupe. It's made with rhum agricole (a type of rum, made from sugarcane juice instead of molasses), lime and cane syrup. The Caipirinha (kye–pee–REEN–ya) is described as "Brazil's national cocktail", and is made with cachaça (another spirit made from distilled sugar cane), sugar and lime.

On its Daiquiri page, Wikipedia points out the similarity between the Daiquiri (which was supposedly invented by an American mining engineer who was in Cuba at the time of the 1898 war) and the 'grog' that was distributed to sailors in the Royal Navy as far back as the 1780s, as a means of preventing scurvy. This was made with rum, water, lemon or lime juice, and sugar. After ice became readily available it was used instead of water.